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In this video we see the parts that make up a classic asynchronous single-phase electric motor. We also learn how to do a simple maintenance and repair on this motor, as well as its wiring for normal and reverse direction of rotation.
https://youtu.be/O2vPj-g0S6M
That is an induction motor, not a synchronous motor.
Είναι ασύγχρονος μονοφασικός κινητήρας βραχυκυκλωμένου δρομέα.
Yes, otherwise known as an induction motor. Synchronous motors rotate at synchronous speed (1800 RPM for a 4-pole motor with line frequency of 60 Hz). Induction motors rotate at slightly less than synchronous speed. A synchronous motor has a magnetized rotor. In an induction motor, current is induced into a shorted rotor --which means that there must be some difference in speed between the rotating magnetic field and the shorted rotor to result in production of the rotor's magnetic field. We can thank Nicolai Tesla for devising the induction motor that is so commonplace today.