As Missouri delegate of Frank S Consortium under HMT.net Department, I recall historic theory & attempts to propel boats were unsuccessful, via an open screw (helix). Similar efforts to contain flow within a cylinder, around the helix, not much better.
Adding a profile that creates at least 2 different pressure zones (airfoil) has yet to be outmoded. There are propellers operating in a short tube that direct thrust produced (Kort Nozzle, aka ducted propeller) combine features of both to advantage.
Consortium: "an agreement, combination, or group (as of companies) formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member"
Just wasn't aware of there being a Frank S consortium.
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