drill jug for drilling holes in washers

[Frank S]

Thanks for the explanation Frank! I always just figured the lower grade washers were shaped that way because they were punched but not ground. The low grade washers always irk me that the center hole is nearly large enough for the next size bolt. Sometimes you need that "slop" but usually it just diminishes the effectiveness of the washer.

If you take a look an any structural engineering books there will be a whole chapter on minimum and maximum hole tolerances for fasteners with and without washers and specifications for the types and thickness of washers suggested for drilled or burned holes
For most of my purpose's stamped steel washers are nothing more than a space filler or used as a cushion